Knowledge base
Knowledge base in English
Choose a guide by the decision you face: checking a review, understanding funding and influence, verifying a source, or evaluating an AI result.
Assessments and product evidence
What is an independent expert assessment? Scope, evidence and deliverables
Understand what an independent expert assessment should contain, how it differs from an endorsement, and which limits to record before commissioning one.
Read a guideEvidence-based product reviews and user opinions: how to use both
Compare evidence-based product reviews with customer opinions. Learn which questions each can answer, what counts as testing and how to assess review quality.
Read a guideHow to evaluate product claims before you repeat them
Turn a product claim into a testable question, match evidence to the exact wording, check comparisons and calculate percentages without overstating the result.
Read a guideHow to commission an expert assessment with a checkable scope
Prepare an expert assessment brief covering the question, competence, evidence, methods, funding, conclusions and publication conditions.
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Funding, methods and publication
Can sponsored research be independent? Check funding, control and publication
Assess sponsored research through funding, data access, analysis, editorial control and publication rights. Understand what disclosure and independence can establish.
Read a guideConflict-of-interest disclosure: what to record in an expert review
Use a practical disclosure record for funded expert reviews: relevant relationships, dates, roles, controls and unresolved limits, without confusing disclosure with proof.
Read a guideResearch methods, uncertainty and limitations: how to read a review
Learn which method supports which conclusion, distinguish uncertainty from missing evidence, and write limitations that help a reader decide what to check next.
Read a guidePublication choices and negative findings: how to read a selected review library
Understand how private assessments and publication approval affect a public review library. Use a transparent hypothetical calculation and preserve critical findings.
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Expertise, authorship and verification
How to verify expert credentials for a specific assessment
Check identity, qualifications, relevant work, contribution and conflicts before relying on an expert. Use primary records and keep verification limits explicit.
Read a guideExpert authorship and AI-assisted content: what participation must mean
Distinguish writing, fact-checking, expert review and approval in AI-assisted content. Use contribution and version records instead of a misleading expert byline.
Read a guideHow to verify sources and citations, one claim at a time
Check whether a citation supports the exact claim, not just whether its link works. Use a claim-level audit for research, product reviews and AI-generated answers.
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AI search access and measurement
How AI search citations work: discovery, selection and support
Understand what an AI citation establishes, how search access differs from training, and how to check whether a cited source supports the answer.
Read a guideHow to measure AI search visibility without confusing it with traffic
Build a repeatable record of AI citations, brand mentions and recommendations, then keep referral and conversion evidence separate.
Read a guideRobots, AI crawlers and indexing: check each permission separately
Diagnose AI search access by separating crawler permissions, public availability, index eligibility and confirmed search inclusion.
Read a guideWhat llms.txt can and cannot establish
Use llms.txt as a maintained directory of public evidence, while keeping crawl controls, indexing and source credibility separate.
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Evaluating AI and GEO claims
Generative engine optimization: what the evidence can support
Read GEO studies with their methods attached, separate content quality from predicted uplift, and design an honest test for your own site.
Read a guideHow to evaluate an LLM for the job you need it to do
Compare task-specific tests, factual checks, citation review, human judgments and model graders without relying on one leaderboard score.
Read a guideHow to read AI benchmarks before making a buying decision
Check datasets, metrics, prompts and failure categories so a benchmark score remains tied to the system and task that produced it.
Read a guideRAG and citation quality: check retrieval, support and completeness
Assess retrieval-augmented answers by tracing evidence to claims and distinguishing missing evidence, unsupported conclusions and incomplete answers.
Read a guideAI hallucinations and fact-checking: a claim-by-claim workflow
Check AI-generated factual claims against appropriate sources, preserve uncertainty, and distinguish unsupported assertions from verified errors.
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